Beijing started to launch the construction of learning city in the year of 2001. After the 16th national congress of the CPC brought forward the aim of constructing popular and life-long learning city and promoting the comprehensive development of citizenship, Beijing has been integrating capital economy and social development into practices of the construction of metropolitan city and well-off society. The municipality explores actively in the practices of keeping up with time for innovation and sets up various learning organizations to promote the construction of learning city positively. In summing up the experiences of these years, the Party Committee and the People's Government of Beijing Municipality convened a session on constructing learning city in April of 2007 and issued the blueprint, Decision on Boosting the Construction of Learning Capital. The overall aim proposed in the meeting is that Beijing will turn into a learning capital at the primary stage by the year 2010 and form the life-long education system with its learning organizations as basis. With support from well-educated citizens, Beijing will take advantage of the most developed educational undertakings, the most abundant learning resources, the most intense learning atmosphere, the most advanced learning conditions and the most groups of talented people to create first-class achievement of various works by studying hard. As a result, Beijing will become a knowledge-internalizing metropolis full of creative spirit and energetic development, realizing the strategic idea of "new Beijing, new Olympic" in establishment of the foundation for the capital of harmonious socialist society.
Specific objectives of the learning city for Beijing are as follows:
--The capital is to construct into an inter-communicated and transferable life-long education system. The citizens of the capital will accept further education, meeting the various demand of children from zero to 6 years old; people above 6 years old will accept 12 years of education on average; the employees will accept more than 12 years of education on average; the new labor force will accept 15 years of education on average. More than 90% of the staff in the city will accept pre-service trainings; more than 50% of whom will accept continuous education to improve knowledge and enhance skills every year; and more than 30% residents will accept the social and cultural education. The quality of modern civilization and innovative ability will increase greatly, and the number of talented people will rise sharply as well.
-- To learn to make innovations will become important rationale for capital development and general public deeds for citizens. Everyone should study anywhere at any time, and the majority of residents will regard learning as a life style. Citizens will receive protection for their basic rights of learning and government will satisfy their requirements for life-long learning. Organizations of various types should carry out their learning and educational functions, which should be given the priority of development. Innovation should become the internal demand from most organizations and citizens with remarkable improvement on scientific quality of the public. The capital will form a strong atmosphere of innovation and become an important innovation base nationwide.
--Various activities motivated by learning organizations should cover the whole city, with its construction ratio reaching 80%. Thirty percent of the community (street, town), institutions and enterprises should become preliminary learning organizations.
--The construction of learning city should prioritize harmonious culture, promoting and ensuring Beijing’s position as the role model of the harmonious socialist society. The municipality will guide and organize the mass of leaders and citizens to study the latest achievements of Marxism with Chinese characteristics, and advocate the value of patriotism, collectivism, and socialism, implementing the socialist outlook on honor-shame. We should adhere to the core value system of socialism to lead the ethos, and form the ideological consensus among all citizens to the greatest extent.
--We should unite Humanistic Olympics Action Plan with the activities of creating learning city closely. We should develop Olympic knowledge learning extensively and conduct public educational activities of civilizing vigorously. Around the Olympic movement, we can launch special learning activities to ensure the progression of Olympic Games successfully.
The basic situation of the educational development in Beijing:
The construction of learning city in Beijing has been prepared for some time and great development has taken place in all kinds of educational undertakings. Beijing took the lead of implementing the compulsory education and the rate of illiteracy almost reduce to zero in 1993. Moreover, Beijing generalized senior high school education in 1999 and stepped into the stage of generalization of higher education in 2003.
In 2007, there were 1306 kindergartens in Beijing, with an enrolment of 214423 children, among whom 83969 were newly registered. There were 30465 staff members in the kindergartens, and 17013 of them were full-time teachers.
There were 1235 primary schools with an enrolment of 666617 students, among whom 109203 were newly registered, and 112332 finished their study in primary schools. The staff amounted to 60973, among whom 48192 were full-time teachers. The primary schools covered an area of 22557 mu (1/4 acre) with a floorage of 5392037 m2 and possessed fixed assets of RMB 6368 million, among which RMB 677 million were facilities and instruments.
There were 689 secondary schools in Beijing, among which 262 schools were complete high schools, 66 were senior high schools, 300 were junior high schools, and 61 were 9-Year secondary schools. The junior high schools had an enrolment of 332959 students, among whom 108682 newly graduated and 111772 were newly registered while the senior high schools had an enrolment of 243818 students, 71590 of whom were newly registered and 78408 newly graduated. The secondary schools had staff of 73945 members including 50107 full-time teachers. The area of the secondary schools covered 33841 mu with a floorage of 9810563 m2. The fixed assets of secondary schools amounted to RMB 14018 million including facilities and instruments of RMB 1059 million.
There were 76 vocational secondary schools in Beijing, with an enrolment of 73860 students, 24951 of whom newly graduated and 20637 were newly registered. The vocational secondary schools had staff of 9961 members including 5750 full-time teachers. The area of the vocational secondary schools covered 5883 mu, with a floorage of 1393308 m2, and possessed fixed assets of RMB 1747 million including facilities and instruments of RMB 350 million.
There were 41 secondary specialty schools, which enrolled 98410 students including 30936 graduates and 21560 entrants. The staff amounted to 6194 members including 3089 full-time teachers. The schools covered an area of 3172 mu with a floorage of 1292784 m2, and possessed fixed assets of RMB 1814 million including facilities and instruments of RMB 480 million.
The regular higher education institutions amounted to 83, with an enrolment of 567875 students including 138834 graduates and 156222 entrants. The staff of regular higher education institutions amounted to 123790 members including 53743 full-time teachers. The regular higher education institutions covered an area of 59147 mu with a floorage of 28685115 m2, and possessed fixed assets of RMB 61710 million including teaching and scientific research facilities and instruments of RMB 15853 million. 37 among the 83 higher education institutions in Beijing area were owned or managed by Beijing Municipality. Those 37 higher education institutions had an enrolment of 209053 students including 56991 graduates and 60681 entrants, and staff of 31918 members including 16174 full-time teachers, The area of the higher education institutions covered 17791 mu with a floorage of 7673067 m2, and possessed the fixed assets of RMB 15080 million including teaching and scientific research facilities and instruments of RMB 4202 million. 10 among the 83 higher education institutions in Beijing area were private higher education institutions. Those 10 private higher education institutions had an enrolment of 74040 students including 13068 graduates and 22649 entrants, and staff of 8239 members including 3853 full-time teachers. The area of the higher education institutions covered 3453 mu with a floorage of 1237604 m2, and possessed the fixed assets of RMB 3474 million including teaching and scientific research facilities and instruments of RMB 551 million.
There were 52 regular higher education institutions with graduate schools. The enrollment of the graduate schools was 160565 while the entrants were 56136 and the graduates amounted to 46417. 19 among the 37 regular higher education institutions were owned or managed by Beijing Municipality and were authorized to enroll graduate students, and their enrollment was 18993 including 6646 entrants and 4772 graduates.
The Construction of the Learning City in Beijing:
In recent years, Beijing aims at meeting its citizens' needs and establishing lifelong education system, and focuses on the following four aspects in the schedule. First, provide community education to satisfy the various learning needs of community residents; second, develop vocational training to enhance the professional skills of employees comprehensively; third,promote continuing education to train a large number of professionals; Fourth, strengthen rural education, to impel the new countryside construction project. In order to ensure the implementation of the plan successfully, Beijing has strengthened the fundamental work from the following aspects:
First, the organizational structure has been established and the leadership of the construction of learning city has been strengthened.According to the request of the document, The decision on promoting vigorously the learning city construction for the capital, "To set up a leading work group, which is responsible for organizing and instructing the learning city construction of the whole city. " Beijing Municipal Leading Group for Constructing Learning City Project and its office were set up. The leading group is in charge of implementing the policies and measures on promoting the learning city construction issued by the municipal government and committee of Chinese communist party, organizing and constituting working objectives, implementation plans and policy documents, studying and solving important issues in learning city construction, and inspecting the work progress as well. The leading group has held three meetings to study and assign the work for learning city construction. Beijing has formed the prospects of overall planning, implementation division, and coordination in the construction of learning city.
Second, The publicization has been strengthened and the information channels have been expanded.In order to strengthen the publicization of the learning city construction, learn the progress of the work in time and exchange work experience, the leading work group office has established an information reporting system. The subordinations report to the office the progress of learning city construction, then the office compiles and prints the reports into The work information about the learning city construction in Beijing", and finally feedbacks the summarized information to the related departments. To let more people understand and become familiar with the significance of the learning city construction, every level of Beijing municipal government, schools and training institutions, districts, communities and other departments promote the construction of learning capital in various ways. All news media and internet media exert their advantages of disseminating, publicize the benefits of the learning city construction and its important significance, universalize lifelong learning theory, and inform the progress, typical experience and achievements of the learning city construction, so as to create a good atmosphere for the learning city construction.
Third, various learning organizations have been set up actively by counties and departments.Beijing Municipal Commission of Education has issued A proposal on developing comprehensively the community education, promoting the establishment of learning community in the capital, A notice on the rewarding for excellent counties in the community education to promote the learning community construction, and The standards on building of model community education centers in Beijing, and a series of policy documents, to propel the creation of learning organizations. Beijing municipality has formed an expert group of the learning city construction to conduct the evaluation work on the pioneers of learning organization to impel the learning city construction effectively. At present, the city has selected Beijing Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd. and other 53 enterprises, Desheng Street of Xicheng District and other 16 streets, Caiyu town of DaXing district and other 6 towns as the advanced units in the creation of learning organizations. Dongcheng and other 10 districts and counties were chosen as "advanced districts or counties of developing community education and promoting the construction of learning organizations". Three districts, Xicheng, Haidian and Chaoyang, which had set good examples for the project, were honored the title of Model District in community education by Ministry of Education.
Fourth, theoretical study has been emphasized on and the organization of working team has been strengthened.For the sake of strengthening the theoretical study and organizing an efficient working team, Beijing Academy of Educational Science has set up the "Beijing Research Center on Learning City", organized an advisory group of learning city construction, and the full-time and part-time experts team of the research center. Over the past few years, the departments concerned have published over 10 kinds of books on how to build the learning city and issued more than 50,000 volumes (sets). The office has organized some experts to compile and published the "Guide Book for Learning City Construction in the Capital" and the "Handbook for the Establishment of Learning Organizations in Beijing", the first edition printed has reached 12,000 volumes, and have been distributed to all districts, counties and advanced units in creating learning organizations for free. These books were very popular in the whole society.
The office makes experts play an important role in the work, and has implemented a series of training activities, such as training courses for counties' directors and directors of education departments in counties and districts, guidance training courses for the professionals on establishment of learning organizations and training courses for the directors of enterprises and community committees, which have trained more than 400 personnel totally.
Fifth, website for learning city construction has been constructed and distance learning environment has been created for citizens.Beijing Radio and TV University, entrusted by Beijing Commission of Education, has established website for learning city construction, and has set up the service center, which can provide life-long learning and distance education for Beijing citizens as well. The website has the characteristics with the capital and aims at serving the public, promoting the learning, exchanging the information and facilitating the construction. It also provides academic and non-academic education for cadres, enterprise workers, community residents, farmers of outskirts, immigrants, retired elderly and other groups, in order to promote Beijing's historical culture, spread the Olympic idea and advocate healthy and civilized way of life. The website is not only an environment for all departments and industries to study and discuss on how to create learning organizations, but also a service platform providing rich resources of distance education for citizens. Meanwhile, Beijing Commission of Education has established distance education service platforms in Dongcheng Districts, Xicheng Districts and other 10 districts, which are connected to the website, can provide more convenient lifelong learning environment for the citizens.
Sixth, various kinds of activities have been conducted to promote the construction of learning city greatly.1. The "Vocational Skills Competition in the Service Trades Related with Olympic Games" has been launched, and it aims at providing better service for hosting the 29th Olympic Games.
To welcome the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, and improve the vocational skills of employees in the service trades, Bureau of Labor and Social Security and Capital Civilization Office jointly organized the "Vocational Skills Competition in the Service Trades Related with Olympic Games", to test the training effects and perfect staff's vocational skills. More than 330,000 people from 3,180 units in the 18 districts and counties participated in the competition, in which 40 types of trades were involved.2. The quality of capital employees has been improved greatly through initiating "establishment and contest" project.
The leading group of "establishment and contest project", which cooperated actively with the activity, "Welcoming the Olympics, Stressing on Civilization, and Fostering New Practices", has provided popularized education on civilization and etiquette knowledge among the employees, launched mass English, basic etiquette and other new courses to enhance the quality of employees' civilization. It has organized "Beijing May 1 TV Evening Show--- Laborer Carol Concert", established the first intellectual and ideological education base of model laborers to publicize the Olympic spirits, create an Olympic atmosphere. At the same time, it has launched colorful theme activities, implemented comprehensively the "Capital Staff's Olympic Action Plan", and offered the basic education for migrant workers.3. The activity "Promoting Psychological Health for Harmonious Society to Welcome the Olympic Games" has been conducted and the schemes on public psychological adjustment among citizens have been carried out.
The Capital Civilization Office and Beijing Association for Science and Technology organized jointly the activity "Promoting Psychological Health for Harmonious Society to Welcome the Olympic Games" with harmonious mental healthcare to solve the mental confusion and improve the psychological resilience and self-adjustment of citizens, resolve social contradictions and disputes, promote harmony and stability, and cultivate a good social psychological environment for Olympic Games. Nearly 200 psychological teachers and more than 300 volunteers have taken the initiative to set up psychological adjustment classes for community residents, and more than 10,000 residents have received psychological counseling, 340,000 residents have benefited from these activities directly.4. The "Capital Citizens' Auditorium Activity" has been conducted through taking full advantage of learning resources in the capital.
The Propaganda Department of Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Association of Social Science, the Municipal CPC's Education Committee, the Education Committee and the Working Committee of Affiliated Institutions have held more than 300 public lectures in various forms around the themes of "literature, art, science and technology" and " taking human as foremost, inheriting civilization, building harmony, and welcoming the Olympics" and so on, thereby to upgrade the quality of the citizens, improve the city's image and construct harmonious communities, villages and towns. Olympic knowledge has been informed, humanistic ideas have been spread, civilization has been carried forward, and scientific methods have been advocated through the public lectures.5. Social organizations have been functioned fully to create a good cultural environment for the Olympic Games.
Beijing Literary and Art Association and other social organizations have played a unique role in the construction of learning city. For example, The Writers Association has created a lot of Olympic documentary reportages; The Musicians Association has composed more than 10 songs for Olympic Games; The Calligraphers Association has written many Olympic calligraphies; The Ballad Singers Association has created many forms of traditional Chinese folk focusing on the activities of "learning city construction"; The Dancers Association has held Folk Dance Competition to welcome the Olympic Games; The Artists Association and The Folk Artists Association has conducted comic and ballad exhibition of "Towards the Light of the Olympic Etiquette • Citizen Etiquette"; The Harmonious Sound Troupe attached to Beijing Literary and Art Association has been to the Bird Nest/Olympic Stadium and other Olympic construction sites to offer more than 30 non-profitable performances.6. The activity with the theme "Life-long Learning Day of the Capital Citizens to Welcome the Olympic Games" has been conducted to promote the construction of learning city.
On November 10, 2007, the activity with the theme "Life-long Learning Day of the Capital Citizens to Welcome the Olympic Games" were conducted in 18 districts and counties and around Yanshan area at the same time. Beijing Literary and Art Association and other departments have organized artists to go into communities and rural areas in person. On the same day, some colleges and universities also have offered community education services or given public lectures. The industries, enterprises and institutions concerned have also done meaningful learning activities in light of local conditions.
With the further development of learning city construction, Beijing will continue to strengthen the construction of lifelong learning public service system, learning organizations and necessary learning resources, establish drive-force institutions and necessary policy mechanisms, organize various parts to participate in the project "Building the Learning Capital ", and strive to turn Beijing into an All Citizens Learning and Life-Long Learning City.
- 1. On April 11th, 2007, Beijing municipality held a conference on learning city construction to mobilize and deploy specific tasks of learning city construction.
- 2.The leading group and its office were established, responsibilities of the member units were clarified, and meetings were held to deploy how to boost the construction of learning city.
- 3.The information reporting system of learning city construction was established to ensure timely communication and effective exchange of work experience.
- 4.A learning city website was established, which is a key network service platform for distance education of the whole city.
- 5. The expert team of learning city construction to provide theoretical and practical guidance was set up, and the research center of learning city was established.
- 6. The creation of learning organizations in districts, counties and departments were guided and promoted.
- 7. Training courses for various organizations were extensively developed.
- 8. "Activity of Promoting Psychological Health for Harmonious Society to Welcome the Olympic Games" was organized, and psychological adjustment education for citizens was unfolded intensively.
- 9.Taking the Quality Education Project of Employees in the Capital as the commencement, construction of learning city of the capital was actively promoted.
- 10.Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circle along with Beijing Association for Science and Technology organized experts to join the procession of learning city construction.
- 11.Olympics educational activities were carried out extensively.
- 12."Activities of Capital Citizens Auditorium" were developed in various ways.
- 13. The theme activity of "Life-long Learning Day for the Capital Citizens to Welcome the Olympic Games" was held all over Beijing.
- 14. Guided by the policy of “Building a Learning Society” of CPC Central Committee, the learning city construction of the capital shows an encouraging and gratifying scene.
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